HEAD CASES


November 18, 2022

Dr. Michael Lewis is pioneering a surprising treatment for traumatic brain injury.

interview by Bruce A. Percelay

photography by Kit Noble

After serving in the U.S. Military for thirty-one years, Dr. Michael Lewis has emerged as a leading expert in treating traumatic brain injury. Now the president of the Brain Health Education and Research, which he founded in 2011, Dr. Lewis has helped pioneer a revolutionary protocol that uses Omega-3 fatty acids to repair the injured brains of everyone from combat veterans to car accident victims to football players. Despite compelling studies and stories of remarkable patient recoveries, Dr. Lewis has faced a tremendous amount of resistance from the broader medical community. Dr. Lewis spoke to N Magazine about the potential of this treatment and why it has not been embraced by modern medicine.

What’s your connection to Nantucket?


My first introduction to Nantucket was when I was a physician in the Army and I used to do a lot of congressional delegation travels. Around 1998, I came up with a group of senators and congressmen for Canadian-U.S. parliamentary meetings a couple of days in the offseason on Nantucket and it was fantastic. Fell in love with it then and never had the opportunity to get back after that until just this past summer when my fiancée, who grew up on Nantucket, arranged a Make-A-Wish trip for her daughter to see the Boston Pops perform in August. And we were able to spend five fabulous days in Nantucket.


You have developed a specialty as a doctor in the military. Explain what first got your attention about brain injuries or what led you to begin to focus on this subject.


After a number of years overseas, I was sent to teach at the military’s medical school in Bethesda, Maryland. Iraq and Afghanistan were going on, and we had wounded warriors all around us. The question [of brain injuries] became a little bit more urgent. What can you do to help with these soldiers now? I went to the head researcher at the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center and said, “Is anybody looking at the use of omega-3s like you would get for fish oil to help our soldiers recover from traumatic brain injury?” And he thought about it for a second and he goes, “No, why don’t you?”


What possibly triggered the notion in your mind that omega-3s can be used to treat concussions and brain injuries?


The seminal event was the Sago Mine accident in West Virginia in January of 2006. There were around 13 miners trapped a mile down underground in the coal mine. By the time the rescuers reached them—more than forty hours later—there was only one guy left and barely alive. Methane poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning. His whole system had shut down. He was inches away from death and [Julian Bailes] the neurosurgeon at West Virginia University, after attempting all the possible interventions to save him, started pouring omega-3s, fish oil, into his feeding tube. He walked out of the hospital a couple months later and has gone on to live a relatively normal life.

I assume that’s where you began thinking about omega-3s?


I heard about that story of Julian Bailes, and eventually I got connected to him and just started asking him questions about why can’t we do this for traumatic brain injury? Not long after that, I had a similar case fall into my lap when an 18-year-old kid was in a really bad car accident and the parents were told to pull the plug because he had no chance of surviving. I convinced the neurosurgeon, “Why don’t we try copious amounts of fish oil down his feeding tube?” And that kid went to his high school graduation about three months later.


What about omega-3s prompted the doctor to try them?


There are two aspects of omega-3s. A huge one is inflammation. Omega-3s can really help calm inflammation. The brain is made of fat, and there’s principally three main types of fats that are the most important. Cholesterol is a huge one, but there are omega-6 fats and there are omega-3 fats. So I believe, in a simplistic approach, what he thought to do was flood [the boy’s] body and his brain with what it took to make the brain in the first place. And that was omega-3 fats.


Explain your role in trying to spread the knowledge of the impact of this approach and why isn’t it more widespread.


Initially, because I was not a neurologist or a neurosurgeon or a biochemist, I had to relearn from medical school days what omega-3s were. Why are they important? How do they work? And so I had to seek out the people that really knew that. And it turns out, as far as omega-3s and traumatic brain injury go, there was nobody. Julian Bailes, the neurosurgeon in West Virginia, was about the only one that had done any research on it. But I also got connected with a leading researcher in Bethesda at the National Institutes of Health, and we started to look at some things. The first big publication we did was looking at whether omega-3s in the blood would be correlated to suicides in active-duty soldiers. Meanwhile, I was continuing to develop the concept of using it directly for traumatic brain injury, but not just in the ICU after a bad accident.

How so?


I had the idea that we could put omega-3s into an intravenous formulation that a medic on the battlefield of Afghanistan or Iraq could use to start that therapy as soon as possible. In fact, I ended up patenting that concept and started working with a German company to develop it commercially. So I went in about five different directions. I came up with what I call the Omega Protocol, which is the idea of a loading dose for a week or two of higher-dose fish oil for somebody who can swallow and walk and talk and then bring it down—because most people are very deficient in omega-3s. And so my idea was how do we flood the brain quickly as possible to make a difference? And the amazing things that I found out early was people notice a difference in one or two days.

So did you determine a correlation between suicide rates and low omega-3s?


It was actually profound. The lower the omega-3 levels in a soldier’s blood, the higher probability it was that the death was from a suicide. It was a very carefully done study looking at the blood levels. All the blood levels we were able to obtain had been obtained within about three months prior to somebody committing suicide. Of course, they didn’t know they were going to commit suicide at that time.

This past September, Miami Dolphins quarterback Tua Tagovailoa was suspected of having a concussion in a game, but then was allowed to play four days later and was hit again. There was a sense of outrage among the NFL Players Association because he may have had two concussions in a week.


The real simple rule of thumb is if you have any doubt there was a head injury, you always take the player out of the game. You don’t let him back in the game. And generally, we know that it takes a good two weeks for the head to recover in just a mild injury, let alone one that’s a little more severe. But to let somebody back in a game four days later, this was the worst-case scenario.

Have you ever been involved in treating a football player sidelined by severe injury?


Ryan Shazier, probably the best linebacker in the game at the time, tackled a receiver coming across the middle and didn’t get up. Something happened in his neck that he was paralyzed from that moment. I texted the Steelers’ longtime neurosurgeon Dr. Joe Maroon—if you saw the movie Concussion, he was one of the characters in that film—“You need to get him on a really high dose of fish oil right away.” Joe was out of the country at the time, but a couple days later he called me up and asked, “How much again?” I put people on nine grams of fish oil to start, but Ryan Shazier said, “No, I’m taking more.” He was taking 40 grams of fish oil right away. That was one of the things that literally got him off the table and got him walking again.

We see football suicides like Junior Seau and others. I know Boston University has a big center that analyzes the brains of players that have died prematurely. When they do these post-mortems, do they track whether all these players have low omega-3s?


As far as I know, they do not track it. I’ve proposed it a variety of different times and different studies. I’ve been doing this about fifteen years now. First of all, no pharmaceutical company, no nutritional company’s ever going to be interested in spending the millions of dollars to get the science settled on this because you could buy fish oil anywhere. It has that generic problem. But you would think that the government would have an interest. We’re talking about nutrition. We’re talking about something that’s essential for the body and the brain to function.


You’ve been met with a lot of resistance?


The resistance from the medical field and the scientific community has been nothing short of amazing. I was literally told by the military medical school if I wanted to continue the line of research on omega-3s that I needed to go somewhere else; they would not support me. And it was because I had a five-cent solution to a problem that they were getting tens of millions of dollars a year to study.

Outside of traumatic brain injury, do you think omega-3 can be helpful in depression, Parkinson’s disease and strokes? Is there a broader application?


That’s not just my opinion. There’s some very good science that has been done to look at everything from ADHD as an example, or the role that omega-3s may play in depression and other mental health issues. Almost every one of the studies is dramatically positive. It all makes sense to me as to why. Underlying most disease processes, the brain is not exempt from this inflammation. Omega-3s are one of the best ways we can go about bringing down or decreasing inflammation and treating a lot of symptoms, whether it’s from a traumatic brain injury or PTSD or depression or ADHD.

Latest Stories


By brianbushard August 3, 2026
Written by Brian Bushard Photography by Kit Noble While they may not be household names in the true Hollywood sense, Nantucket’s summer population includes powerful producers, screenwriters and editors who are behind the scenes on the movies we all recognize. Indeed, Nantucket has an underground entertainment community that is in effect a hidden Hollywood.“I got involved in the Nantucket Film Festival before we bought a house on the island,” said Marc Resteghini, a producer with Amazon MGM Studios who executive produced the series Young Sherlock. “As I started to learn a little bit more about the festival itself, I started to realize there were a lot of people who either lived on the island or vacationed here from the entertainment industry.” Resteghini was named the new chair of the film festival this June. While Nantucket has a reputation for attracting politicians and Wall Street titans, lesser known is the fact that dozens of leaders in the entertainment industry have also found Nantucket as their summer refuge, just not the names you might know. “It’s like Sergeant Pepper Lonely Heart Club Band,” actor John Shea said. “We see each other but the last thing we want to do is talk about the film business. It’s more of a quiet acknowledgement of a fellow traveler thana fellowship.” “The Vineyard is where all the actors and the writers go, the creatives,” documentary film producer Annabelle Dunne added. Dunne summers on Nantucket. “I think a lot of people that work in Hollywood come here to be with their families, relax and enjoy Nantucket, not to network. But it is a small island, and sometimes when you take away the work component and you say we’re just getting together to get together, then things can happen.” 
By Jack Bradner August 3, 2026
Written by Jack Bradner Photography by Kit Noble 
By brianbushard August 3, 2026
Written by Brian Bushard Photography by Kit Noble There are family vacations and there are family vacations. Some people take their kids to Disney World, some take their kids to a Caribbean resort. But Dan and Sarah Gault have taken family travel to an entirely different level. This August, the Gault family will take an 11-month trip of a lifetime from their house on Nantucket to 18 countries on three continents, traveling like vagabonds through Africa, Asia and Australia. Their four school-aged kids will join them for the entire length of the vacation, ditching the comforts of life on Nantucket for an education they would never receive in school. “On this trip, forget about watching a big screen TV,” Dan said. “We’re talking about things like clean drinking water and having electricity 24 hours a day. Showing them those things gives them perspective. It plants a seed in them for a lifetime.” The Gaults, by their own admission, are not ordinary travelers. Since their trip will take nearly a year, their four children—in eighth, seventh, fifth and third grade—will be homeschooled through a math and English curriculum, as well as a healthy dose of reading, journaling and cultural visits to museums and historical sites. Instead of a beach resort vacation, they’ll be in city centers and remote parks, immersing themselves in new cultures and languages. And since the children are growing—and taking up more space in their house on the island—the entire trip will coincide with a yearlong project to lift their house in Warren’s Landing, making more space for the family of six to spread out. For the time they’re gone, Sarah, a special education teacher at Nantucket Public Schools, will be on sabbatical and set to return for the 2027-2028 school year. Dan, who owns a property management company, handed the reins to his second-in-command for the time being. “My whole team stepped up to make this possible,” he said. “I was anxious to tell two groups of people—my employees, because I didn’t want them jumping ship, and my clients in the management world, because I didn’t want them to be upset. But they were maybe the most supportive.”
By Jen Laskey August 1, 2026
Four Drinks for August Written by Jen Laskey August inspires us to squeeze every last drop out of summer. Whether you’re ticking experiences off your end-of-season bucket list or practicing the lost art of doing nothing, or a little of both, Nantucket’s drink experts have the perfect pours to help you make the most of summer’s last call—from a Cointreau-based spritz to a Portuguese white blend and a lush bourbon and beach plum cocktail. Let’s all linger in summertime a little longer. COINTREAU CITRUS SPRITZ ($19.99, 750 ML bottled cocktail at The Islander) COINTREAU L’UNIQUE ORANGE LIQUEUR ($48.99, 750 ML bottle at The Islander) Recommended by ZEINA METRI,co-owner, The Islander If August has you in the mood for ready-to-serve simplicity, Zeina Metri recommends the Cointreau Citrus Spritz. It’s made with French white wine and natural citrus flavors, and the star ingredient is Cointreau, anorange liqueur distilled in western France that’s often used in margaritas and cosmopolitans. “Cointreau is such a versatile liqueur,” noted Metri. “It’s crafted from a blend of sweet and bitter orange peels and gives cocktails a depth and balance that elevates every other ingredient around it.”The Cointreau Citrus Spritz comes in two flavors—Orange & Blood Orange and Lemon & Lime. It’s light enough to day-drink with friends on a warm afternoon or to sip while watching those last summer sunsets. With its low alcohol level (10.5% ABV) and resealable screw cap, it’s perfect for a month when all you want to do is chill. Just pour it over ice and voila! “The Cointreau Spritz is bright, refreshing and vibrant without being overly sweet,” said Metri. And if you’d rather make your own, simply pour a splash of Cointreau into something bubbly. LUÍS SEABRA, GRANITO CRU DÃO BRANCO, BLEND OF ENCRUZADO, BICAL AND CERCIAL, 2022 ($155/bottle at Galley Beach Restaurant) Recommended by IEVA ALDINS, Wine Director, Galley Beach Restaurant Every summer has that one unforgettable discovery, and this year it might just be Luís Seabra’s Granito Cru Dão Branco, a white blend of three native Portuguese grapes: encruzado, bical and cerceal. “This wine is sunshine in a glass,” said Ieva Aldins, wine director of Galley Beach Restaurant. “It [has] mouth-watering acidity, voluptuous elegance, minerality and salinity that make it a perfect summer sipper.” Seabra is one of Portugal’s top winemakers. “He used to make wines for Niepoort Winery but now focuses on his own old-vine and terroir-driven wines,” said Aldins. “His Cru series focuses on sourcing vineyard sites with high mineral content—as the name [Granito] suggests.” Aldins recommends sipping the Granito Cru by the beach and pairing it with shellfish and seafood. “I particularly love it with our crab cake or lobster spring roll, as it has both the body to hold up to these dishes and the acidity to hold up to their richness,” she said. BEACH PLUM RUSH($16 at The Fairgrounds) Recommended by CONRAD MEURICE Bar Manager, The Fairgrounds The blushy golden-orange color and tart, floral notes from beachplum honey give this cocktail an unmistakably late-summer vibe. The Beach Plum Rush is one of the most popular signature drinks at the new Fairgrounds restaurant, said bar manager Conrad Meurice. “It brings together a traditional Kentucky straight bourbon with some local flavor flair of beach plum,” he said. “We balance out the cocktail with some fresh lemon juice and add Angostura bitters for a crisp citrusy finish with a hint of spice.”A riff on the Gold Rush, a type of whiskey sour made with honey rather than simple syrup, Meurice’s Beach Plum Rush gets an additional pop of flavor from honey that he infuses with beach plum. You can buy beach plum honey at local specialty food shops, but Meurice says you can also quickly mix up your own by stirring a little beach plum jam into some local honey. Best sipped at The Fairgrounds’ new flower bar, the Beach Plum Rush is a great pairing partner for the restaurant’s beet salad with salmon or shrimp, or the tuna poke bowl. Makes 1 serving - Glassware: Rocks glass Ingredients: - 2 ounces Kentucky straight bourbon• ¾ ounce lemon juice • ¾ ounce beach plum honey• Dash of Angostura bitters Instructions:
By brianbushard July 31, 2026
Written by Brian Bushard Photography by Kit Noble A taste of New York has arrived on Nantucket. By 10 a.m. on a Saturday, the bagels at Slow to Rise Bakery’s stand at the farmer’s market have all but sold out. Down the street, Bagel Bar (opened in June by the owners of sushi restaurant Bar Yoshi, no less), is peddling freshly baked bagels. Meanwhile, Nantucket coffee conglomerate Roastd is baking bagels at its Airport Gas shop for its four island locations. And on Old South Road, the Meat & Fish Market is baking bagels every single morning. “It seems there has been a bagel explosion,” Bagel Bar owner Marc Knight said over a brunch of bagel sandwiches and Italian paninis. “This whole idea started a year ago and [Bagel Bar] opened briefly last year. But when we hatched the idea, there wasn’t as much of a bagel scene.” But over the past few years, Nantucket’s breakfast scene has started to look a lot more like something out of Brooklyn. At the Meat & Fish Market, owner Sean Ready has been baking bagels in house and serving heaping bagel sandwiches since he opened the shop nine years ago. The Meat & Fish Market even introduced a Cisco bagel, made with the brewery’s Whale’s Tale Pale Ale. Meanwhile, the duo of Tucker Puljic and Katrina Newfrock have been running Slow to Rise on Nantucket since 2022, with classics like plain, poppy seed and cinnamon sugar, to a Middle Eastern za’atar spice bagel, an English muffin bagel and an Italian-style cacio e pepe bagel with Parmigiano-Reggiano and black peppercorns. This isn’t the first time Nantucket has seen everything bagels everywhere. In the mid-1990s, Nantucket got its first taste of New York bagels, when Big Apple transplant Brad Moore opened Bagel Basin behind the former restaurant 21 Federal. Not one month later, there was a second bagel shop, The Nantucket Bagel Company, which was later purchased by Something Natural. The Gaslight even baked its own bagels for a time for Sunday brunches, serving smoked salmon or bluefish on bagels and tuna tataki or Italian cold-cuts in bagel sandwiches—with mimosas and Bloody Marys. Where Nantucket’s burgeoning bagel scene goes from here is to be seen. But if one thing is true, this is no half-baked idea. “The popularity of bagels has exploded in the last 10 years,” said Chris Dadey, a food and beverage consultant for Roastd. “It’s a little bit of New York culture moving north."
By brianbushard July 31, 2026
A Taste Of Jamaica At the Chicken Box Written by Brian Bushard Photography by Kit Noble Recipe By Peticea Murray The Chicken Box as a venue is known for its music and bar scene, but during the day thereis a completely different vibe. In June, Peticea Murray started bringing her food truck, 876 Island Cuisine, to the Box. By the time the lunch crowd arrives, the truck, which takes its name from Jamaica’s area code, is slammed with customers.“A lot of the island workforce is built by Jamaicans,” said Murray, who grew up cooking with her grandmother in Montego Bay. “I have a passion for it, but I myself did not have anywhere to buy this authentic Jamaican food [on Nantucket]. I thought I have to have a Jamaican restaurant so my people can have somewhere to have authentic Jamaican food, and not only that, to bring Jamaican culture through food to the Nantucket native people.”Murray’s truck offers staples like jerk chicken, as well as escovitch fish, rice and peas (red kidney beans are typically used, but the name comes from the local red peas in Jamaica), and coconut water straight out of the coconut. “[My grandmother] taught me all the old recipes, all the good stuff,” she said. “That’s why I cook the way I cook, because it’s coming from generations of authentic flavors.” JAMAICAN RICE AND PEAS, yields 8-10 servings Ingredients: -2 cups long-grain rice, washed -2 cups cooked red kidney beans (or 1 can, drained and rinsed) -1 can (13.5 ounces) coconut milk -2 cups water(reserved from cooking beans) -3 cloves garlic, minced -4 sprigs fresh thyme -2 scallions, chopped -1 small onion, chopped -1 whole Scotch bonnet pepper(do not cut it open) -1 teaspoon salt (or to taste) -½ teaspoon black pepper -1 tablespoon butter Instructions: In a large pot, combine the kidney beans, coconut milk, bean liquid (or water),onion, garlic, thyme, scallions, salt, black pepper and butter. Add the whole Scotch bonnet pepper and bring everything to a gentle boil. Let it simmer for about 10 minutes so the flavors develop. Cover the pot with a tight-fitting lid, reduce the heat to low and cook for 20-25 minutes, or until the rice is tender and all the liquid has been absorbed. Remove the Scotch bonnet pepper and thyme stems. Fluff the rice and gently with a fork before serving. CHEF’S TIP: The key to authentic Jamaican rice and peas is allowing the coconut milk, thyme, scallions, garlic and the Scotch bonnet pepper to simmer together before adding the rice. This creates the rich, flavorful base that makes the dish stand out. Keeping the Scotch bonnet whole adds its signature aroma without making the rice overly spicy. This recipe pairs perfectly with jerk chicken, curry goat, brown stew chicken, oxtail or escovitch fish.
MORE STORIES